Alternative method for determining formaldehyde in commercial samples

Number

275-EN

Section

General Section

Use

Sector

Scientific research and development

Function

Other

Process

Manual maintenance(cleaning and repair) of machinery

Product category

laboratory chemicals

Application

Alternative method for determining formaldehyde

Abstract

A spectrophotometric method using magnesium sulphate instead of concentrated sulphuric acid is proposed for the analysis of formaldehyde in disinfectants and hair products.

Substituted substances

Sulphuric acid

CAS No. 7664-93-9 EC No. 231-639-5 Index No. 016-020-00-8

Chemical group

Inorganic acid

Classification: hazard statements

H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage

Other adverse effects

Strong inorganic acid mists: 1 carcinogen (IARC) as listed in the Substance Database according to SUBSPORT Screening Criteria (SDSC).

Alternative Substances

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

CAS No. 10034-99-8 EC No. 231-298-2 Index No.

Chemical group

Magnesium compounds; sulfates

Reliability of information

Internet information: data are from an internet document and only a basic and partial evaluation could be performed

Reason substitution

skin/respiratory sensitizing
CMR

Hazard Assessment

Substance to be substituted: Sulphuric acid causes severe skin burns and eye damage. It forms strong inorganic acid mists containing sulfuric acid. Alternative substance: Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate is not included in the database for substances known to be of concern, according to SUBSPORTplus criteria. It is not classified according to EU harmonised legislation and is not self-classified in ECHA C&L Inventory database. The MSDS of one of the distributors identified possible irritation to skin, eye and respiratory tract due to exposure to magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (see Further information).

Description of Substitution

An alternative method for the analysis of formaldehyde in commercial products replaces concentrated sulphuric acid by magnesium sulphate. The method was applied in a laboratory study for the analysis of commercial disinfectants and defrizzing hair products containing illicit formaldehyde. Both the original and the alternative spectrophotometric methods are based on the reaction of formaldehyde with chromotropic acid. The original method (published by NIOSH 1994, method 3500(2) ) uses concentrated sulphuric acid heated on a steam bath (1000C) for about one hour. The alternative also includes the heating stage on the steam bath but uses a 60% magnesium sulphate (heptahydrate)aqueous solution instead of the corrosive sulphuric acid. The alternative method proved to have good selectivity for formaldehyde and high accuracy.

Case/substitution evaluation

The alternative is easy to implement. It reduces the chemical risks associated with the use of sulphuric acid, classified as “causes skin burns and eye damage”. Magnesium sulphate is not classified corrosive (it is however an irritant) and being a coarse powder it is easier to transport, store and manipulate compared liquid, concentrated sulphuric acid.

State of implementation

Pilot study

Availability of Alternative

Alternative is available on the market.

Type of information supplier

Research

Contact

Fabrícia Gasparini, Patrícia L. Weinert, Liliane S. Lima, Leonardo Pezza and Helena R. Pezza Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, CP 355, 14801-970 Araraquara-SP, Brazil J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 19, No. 8, 1531-1537, 2008.,

Further information

- Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate M

Type of publication and availability

Article published in scientific journal, freely available

Publication source: author, company, institute, year

The information is based on the article  ’ A Simple and Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Formaldehyde’ writen by  Fabrícia Gasparini, Patrícia L. Weinert, Liliane S. Lima, Leonardo Pezza and Helena R. Pezza and published in J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 19, No. 8, 1531-1537, 2008.

Publication source

Type of publication and availability

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/jbchs/v19n8/v19n8a12.pdf

Date, reviewed

November 26, 2021