Case story database

Search for Successfully Implemented Alternatives

You can use the free text search function to find information in the case story database. Most suitable are: substance name and other substance identifier (EC- and CAS-number). You can refine your search after first entry for sector-, function- and process-categories. The case studies are meant to serve as source of inspiration and ideas for substitution. The alternatives are constantly being developed further. We therefore recommend that you to check in each individual case whether an alternative is suitable for your applications and purposes. If you are aware of any other relevant information that is not mentioned in the current case story, please contact SUBSPORTplus.

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Fire resistant composition in particular for energy or telecommunication cables.

The substitution originates from a patent registration filed in 2006 concerning the substitution of different halogenated polymers used as flame retardants with non-halogen thermoplastics with cork as a fire retardant filler. By mixing in cork in the composition the heat release rate for the polymers decreased significantly, resulting in a more flame resistant material.

Evaluation of halogen-free flame retardants in polypropylene formulations as alternatives to flame retardants containing halogens.

This document concerns an evaluation of several halogen-free flame retardants. The evaluation also presents some new types of flame retardants, which are fully functional, commercially available and cost-efficient alternatives to traditional halogenated flame retardants. The details, strengths and limitations of all alternatives are listed below.

Different ways to reduce the amount of halogenated flame retardants in electronics.

This document relates a study of how different corporations such as Apple, Sony Ericsson and Seagate have proceeded with eliminating PVC and halogenated flame retardants from their products. A few examples from the study will be described in this case story.

Fire-resistant and flame proof coating for polymeric thermoplastics and thermoset resins.

A surface coating consisting of fire retarding and smoke suppressing constituents dispersed in an essentially non-toxic, water based adhesive binder. The entire invention therefore consists of six different functional groups which respective functions will be explained below, the different groups are: catalyst/initiator, expendable graphite, source of carbon which additionally forms water, a blowing agent, cement and ceramics.

Decabromodiphenyl ether flame retardants in plastic pallets; A safer alternatives assessment

This is a report comparing evaluating the alternatives to plastic pallets containing DecaBDE for flame retardancy. The investigations evaluate different materials and chemical flame retardants and also investigate if fire safety measures would eliminate the need for flame retardants in plastic pallets. The green screen for safer chemicals was used to evaluate the hazards of the chemical alternatives, and two of the investigated chemicals were found to be safer than DecaBDE: magnesium hydroxide and a proprietary phosphorus based substance. In addition, wood passed the fire safety test.

Alternatives to the use of flame retarded EPS in buildings

This is a detailed report on alternative insulation materials to flame retardant expanded polystyrene (EPS). The flame retardant used in EPS is HBCD, which is of concern and have been adopted by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. The alternative materials investigated include mineral wool, non-flame retardant EPS, polyurethane foam and wood fibre boards. The alternatives are evaluated with respect to function, fire retardance, price, recycling potential and hazardous chemicals. The report concludes that for every use investigated there are viable alternatives, often with even better fire retardant properties.

DecaBDE and Alternatives in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE)

The case summarises information from a report from Danish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on the use of the brominated flame retardant DecaBDE in electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), and describes suitable alternatives to Deca-BDE. The study has not identified any application of Deca-BDE in EEE for which substitution is not possible, from the scientific or technical point of view. The report lists 25 alternative substances. Some of these are halogenated and will not be listed in this case description.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Power Cord Alternatives

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been targeted for replacement in electronic products because of concerns about the environmental and human health impacts associated with the disposal of PVC wires and cables. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are a class of potential alternatives to PVC. TPEs are inherently flexible, which can eliminate the need for phthalate plasticisers; however, they require an added flame retardant to meet regulatory requirements. To ensure that the replacements for PVC have a lower adverse impact to human health and the environment, potential replacement materials were evaluated using an integrated approach that incorporates a comparative chemical hazard screening step based on the GreenScreen for Safer Chemicals [http://www.cleanproduction.org/greenscreen.php], a framework developed by the non-governmental organisation Clean Production Action.

Substitution bromierter Flammschutzmittel durch nicht halogenierte Alternativen unter Verwendung der GreenScreen™ for safer chemicals Methode zur Bewertung von Alternativen

HP arbeitet daran, bromierte Flammschutzmittel (BFRs) in neuen Produkten stufenweise zu ersetzen, die bisher noch bromierte Flammschutzmittel enthalten. Um zu bewerten, ob die im Handel erhältlichen Alternativen zu BFRs weniger negative Einflüsse auf Gesundheit und Umwelt haben, wurde eine integrierte Bewertungsmethode für die Analyse der möglichen Ersatzprodukte entwickelt. Dieser integrierte Ansatz beinhaltet ein vergleichendes Screening chemischer Gefahren, das auf einem Tool namens Green Screen™ for safer Chemicals [http://www.cleanproduction.org/greenscreen.php] basiert, einem von der Nicht-Regierungsorganisation Clean Production Action entwickeltes System. Dieses Fallbeispiel stellt den integrierten Ansatz bei der Suche nach geeigneten Alternativen zu BFRs vor.

Substitution of brominated flame retardants with non-halogenated alternatives using the GreenScreen™ for safer chemicals alternatives assessment tool.

HP is working to phase out brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in new products that currently contain BFRs. To evaluate whether commercially available alternatives to BFRs have a lower adverse impact to human health and the environment, an integrated assessment approach was developed for analysing potential replacements. This integrated approach incorporates a comparative chemical hazard screening step based on a tool called the GreenScreenTM for Safer Chemicals [http://www.cleanproduction.org/greenscreen.php], a framework developed by the non-governmental organisation Clean Production Action. This case study examines the integrated assessment approach in the search or suitable alternatives to BFRs.

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