REGULATION (EU) 2019/1021 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 20 June 2019 on persistent organic pollutants
1. Issued by / date / date of implementation
European Parliament, Council / 29.04.2004 / 20.05.2004
2. Type of legislation
European Union Regulation, with binding legal force throughout every EU Member State, from its date of effect.
3. General purpose
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) accumulate in the supply chain and pose risks to humans and the environment. These substances are transported widely in the environment, even across national borders, and therefore pose a risk far from their sources.
The Regulation establishes a framework for the protection of humans and the environment from the risks posed by persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
4. Substitution relevant paragraphs
Article 1 Objective and subject matter
Taking into account, in particular, the precautionary principle, the objective of this Regulation is to protect human health and the environment from POPs by prohibiting, phasing out as soon as possible, or restricting the manufacturing, placing on the market and use of substances subject to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, hereinafter ‘the Convention’, or the Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants, hereinafter ‘the Protocol’, by minimising, with a view to eliminating where feasible as soon as possible, releases of such substances, and by establishing provisions regarding waste consisting of, containing or contaminated by any of those substances.
Where appropriate, Member States may apply stricter requirements than those laid down in this Regulation, in accordance with the TFEU.
Article 3 Control of manufacturing, placing on the market and use, and the listing of substances
1. The manufacturing, placing on the market and use of substances listed in Annex I, whether on their own, in mixtures or in articles, shall be prohibited, subject to Article 4.
2. The manufacturing, placing on the market and use of substances listed in Annex II, whether on their own, in mixtures or in articles, shall be restricted, subject to Article 4.
3. Member States and the Commission shall, within the assessment and authorisation schemes for existing and new substances under the relevant Union legislation, take into consideration the criteria set out in paragraph 1 of Annex D to the Convention and take appropriate measures to control existing substances and prevent the manufacturing, placing on the market and use of new substances, which exhibit characteristics of POPs.
Article 6 Release reduction, minimisation and elimination
1. Within two years of the date of entry into force of this Regulation or Regulation (EC) No 850/2004, whichever date came first, Member States shall draw up inventories for the substances listed in Annex III released into air, water and land in accordance with their obligations under the Convention and the Protocol and shall subsequently maintain such inventories.
2. Member States shall communicate their action plans on measures to identify, characterise and minimise, with a view to eliminating where feasible as soon as possible, the total releases of substances listed in Annex III as recorded in their inventories drawn up in accordance with their obligations under the Convention, to the Commission, the Agency and to the other Member States as part of their national implementation plans, pursuant to Article 9.
Such action plans shall include measures to promote the development of, and, where it is considered appropriate, shall require the use of substitute or modified substances, mixtures, articles and processes to prevent the formation and release of substances listed in Annex III.
3. Member States shall, when considering proposals to construct new facilities or to significantly modify existing facilities using processes that release chemicals listed in Annex III, give priority consideration to alternative processes, techniques or practices that have similar usefulness but which avoid the formation and release of substances listed in Annex III, without prejudice to Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.
Article 8 Tasks of the Agency and the Forum
1. The Agency shall, in addition to the tasks allocated to it under Articles 9, 10, 11, 13 and 17, carry out the following tasks:
(g) compile, register, process and make available to the Commission and the competent authorities of the Member States all the information received or available pursuant to Article 4(2) and (3), point (b)(iv) of Article 7(4), Article 9(2) and Article 13(1). Where such information is non-confidential, the Agency shall make that information publicly available on its website and shall facilitate the exchange of that information with relevant information platforms such as those referred to in Article 13(2);
(h) establish and maintain sections on its website for all matters relating to the implementation of this Regulation.
Article 11 Information exchange
1. The Commission, the Agency and the Member States shall facilitate and undertake the exchange within the Union and with third countries of information relevant to the reduction, minimisation or elimination, where feasible, of the manufacturing, use and release of POPs and to alternatives to those substances, specifying the risks and the economic and social costs related to such alternatives.
Article 14 Penalties
Member States shall lay down rules on penalties applicable to infringements of this Regulation and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. Where Member States have not already done so before the entry into force of this Regulation, they shall notify those rules and measures to the Commission on 16 July 2020 at the latest and shall notify it, without delay, of any subsequent amendment affecting them.
5. Assessment of relevance for substitution
The European Regulation on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) has been ratified in the European Union following national conventions ("1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution on Persistent Organic Pollutants" and "Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants"). The Regulation refers to the precautionary principle (see Further Information).
The regulation creates hurdles for the production and regulates the disposal of the listed persistent organic pollutants. By promoting a national exchange of information, which is also an important aspect of the Stockholm Convention, the substitution of these substances should be facilitated. If substitution of POPs is not possible in certain areas of application, the release should be minimised or non-existent as far as possible.
6. Link to the legal text
7. Further information
EU The precautionary principle
Protocol to the 1979 Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution
Stockholm Convention
Last updated: 10.12.2021